renewable energy
BIOMASS
Biomass
The biomass energy involves the use of organic material from animal or vegetable sources that has not undergone fossilization. It represents an optimum choice for anyone wishing to combine environmental protection with economic savings. All the heating systems using wood, pellets and wood chips ensure reliable heating, which is both environmentally friendly and affordable. Yet what makes biomass systems really advantageous is the cost of the primary materials.
Advantages
The use of biomass involves a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions at the same time as direct economic advantages. Given that the times of their utilization are compatible with the time of their replacement, biomass can be considered as a source of clean energy and this being the case a biomass plant can access to incentives through the award of green certificates, towards, in particular, the cost of installation, as well as the saving in energy bills in the case of home consumption , and money earned through the sale of surplus energy to electricity companies in the case of power stations or the utilisation of surplus thermal energy.
Moreover, the current norms state that, with respect to other renewable energy sources, commercial biomass power stations are able to accumulate different government incentives to the value of up to 40% of investment costs.
Finally we should not overlook the fact that the economic benefit from recycling the leftovers of agricultural and food production processes also contributes to alleviating the environmental and economic cost of disposing of such waste.
The promotion of the use of biomass for energy production enables the diversification of power supplies in Europe, with an increase in the share of renewable energy sources and a reduction in the need for energy supplies from abroad. From this perspective, we can expect to witness a reduction in the price of oil, from the drop in demand. Indeed, the use of biomass energy production is defined by the EU, as one of the most efficient ways of reducing greenhouse gas emissions: the combustion of biomass releases the same amount of CO2 as the plant received from the atmosphere during its growth. Beside the lowering of CO2 emissions we also need to consider the emissions avoided from the all types of plant based on the use of fossil fuels, such as SO2, CO, and benzene. Another factor to consider is the benefit at local level with the protection of agro-ecosystems. The value of organic material from an energy point of view in biomass power plants contributes to the production of thermal energy, and with medium size and large power plants can also produce electrical energy, thereby contributing to a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions, helping towards meeting the commitments of the Kyoto Protocols.
The oldest form of biomass for producing energy is wood. Today, however, we find the use of numerous products some, like wood can be used directly, while others require treatment with varying degrees of complexity.
Forest biomass
The term forest biomass is used to cover all the products obtained from trees, such as logs, pellets, wood chip to forest biomass can today heat our homes with up to 90% return, making it highly competitive economically vis-à-vis other types of fuels. Heating systems using this source supply hot water for heating. The most common types are:
Wood chip stoves can be used to produce both electricity and heating through various technologies. One of the most advanced systems exploits the conversion of the wood in gas; this can be done in conjunction with traditional boilers or, at a higher technical level, with a Sterling motor.
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